10 Ubuntu Linux commands you should know

10 Ubuntu Linux commands you should know

Here is the list of 10 Ubuntu Linux command that may not be used in day to day life but knowing these command will make Ubuntu experience more enjoyable as these command are used for giving permissions to user or a program to access the files in Ubuntu root directory.

1. sudo: Ubuntu developers have disabled the administrative root account by default, it means that any user who logs in cannot carry out system administrative duties. It does not mean that the root account has been disabled or cannot be accessed. Instead sudo command is used to carry out system administrative duties. Sudo command allows an authorized user to temporarily become the root user and carry out the system administrative duties such as installing software, removing software or giving file permission etc.

2.chmod: This command is use for setting file permissions for users.

 There are three types of access restrictions:

Permission	Action	chmod option
read	(view)	r or 4
write	(edit)	w or 2
execute	(execute)	x or 1

There are also three types of user restrictions:

User	ls output
owner	-rwx------
group	----rwx---
other	-------rwx

                    

e.g. sudo chmod 777.Then this command will give permission to owner,group and other to read,write and execute the specific file.

3.apt-get: The apt-get command is used for performing functions as installation of new software packages, removing of existing software, upgrade of existing software packages, updating of the package list index, and upgrading the Ubuntu system.

        eg. sudo apt-get install package name

             sudo apt-get remove package name

             sudo apt-get update

             sudo apt-get upgrade

4.man: If you have problem getting the syntax or what functions are actually performed by a specific command, all you need to do is in terminal type man  and the command you will get all the information related to the command.

             e.g. man sudo

This command will give all the information related to sudo command.

5.cd: This command is used to change directories. Initially terminal shows the home directory. For performing administrative action for a file or folder this command is very useful.

     eg.   cd /home/Desktop

This command makes Desktop the active directory in terminal. 

6.rm: This command is used to remove or delete file from the system.

           eg. sudo rm filename

If you want to remove a file you cannot delete then you can use the following command  sudo rm -rf filename

7.ls: This command is used to list all the files and folders in a directory.

         eg. ls /home 

This is will show all file and folders in home directory.It all shows permissions,size of files and when files are made.

8.kill or killall: Sometimes, applications become unresponsive and to quickly get rid of the application kill/killall all function is used.Difference between kill and killall is kill functions require  PID (Process ID number) whereas killall require only process name.Process name can be seen from System monitor.

             eg   sudo killall firefox-bin

  This command will close the firefox.

9 top :This command will show all the current running process and the memory use by them.Simply type the command top in terminal and you will get all your running process.
10 ping : ping will show the information whether the computer is connected to any other computer or to the internet.